Protecting vulnerable adults from abuse and neglect is a critical responsibility in Washington state. To ensure the safety of older adults and individuals with disabilities, Washington law mandates certain professionals, and even members of the public, to report suspected abuse, neglect, or exploitation.
Understanding these laws is essential for caregivers, medical professionals, social workers, and family members who want to protect their loved ones.
Who Is Considered a Vulnerable Adult Under Washington Law?
Washington’s Abuse of Vulnerable Adults Act (RCW 74.34) defines a vulnerable adult as anyone who meets any of the following criteria:
- Is 60 years or older and functionally, mentally, or physically unable to care for themselves.
- Has a developmental disability.
- Resides in a licensed facility, such as a nursing home, assisted living facility, or adult family home.
- Receives care from a home health, hospice, or personal care agency.
- Self-directs their own care but requires assistance.
Because these individuals may struggle to advocate for themselves, the law provides extra protections to help prevent abuse, neglect, and financial exploitation.
What Constitutes Abuse or Neglect of a Vulnerable Adult?
Washington law recognizes multiple forms of mistreatment that must be reported if suspected, including:
- Physical abuse – Hitting, pushing, slapping, or any use of force that causes harm.
- Sexual abuse – Any form of non-consensual sexual contact or coercion.
- Neglect – Failure to provide basic care, including food, water, shelter, hygiene, or medical attention.
- Financial exploitation – Unauthorized or improper use of a vulnerable adult’s funds, assets, or property.
- Mental or emotional abuse – Verbal threats, intimidation, humiliation, or coercive behavior that causes emotional distress.
- Abandonment – Deserting a vulnerable adult who is in need of care.
- Self-neglect – A vulnerable adult’s inability to care for themselves, leading to dangerous living conditions.
Who Is Required to Report Suspected Abuse in Washington?
Under RCW 74.34.035, Washington law mandates that certain professionals and individuals must report suspected abuse, neglect, or exploitation of vulnerable adults. These mandatory reporters include:
- Licensed healthcare professionals, including physicians, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and mental health practitioners.
- Social workers and case managers, including both state and private agency personnel.
- Law enforcement officers, including police officers, sheriff’s deputies, and other public safety officials.
- Employees and administrators of licensed care facilities, such as nursing homes, assisted living facilities, adult family homes, and other long-term care settings.
- Home health, hospice, and personal care providers, including in-home caregivers and agency-employed care aides.
Failure by these individuals to report suspected abuse may result in legal consequences, disciplinary action, or professional sanctions.
Are Family Members or the Public Required to Report Abuse?
While family members and members of the public are not legally required to report suspected abuse, they are strongly encouraged to do so. Reporting abuse early can prevent further harm and ensure vulnerable adults receive the protection and care they need.
How to Report Nursing Home and Vulnerable Adult Abuse in Washington
If you suspect abuse, neglect, or exploitation of a vulnerable adult in Washington, you should report it immediately. You can do so through the following channels:
- Adult Protective Services (APS):
- Call 1-877-734-6277 to report suspected abuse of a vulnerable adult living in their home.
- File an online report through the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) website.
- DSHS Complaint Resolution Unit (CRU):
- If the suspected abuse occurs in a licensed nursing home, assisted living facility, or adult family home, contact the CRU at 1-800-562-6078.
- Law Enforcement:
- If the abuse involves immediate danger, call 911.
What Happens After a Report Is Filed?
Once a report is made, Adult Protective Services (APS) or the Complaint Resolution Unit (CRU) will investigate. The investigation process may include:
- Interviewing the vulnerable adult, caregivers, and witnesses.
- Visiting the location where the abuse or neglect is suspected.
- Reviewing medical records and financial statements if financial exploitation is alleged.
If abuse or neglect is confirmed, APS can take steps to protect the individual, such as arranging for medical care, placing the person in a safer environment, or involving law enforcement to pursue criminal charges against the abuser.
Legal Consequences for Failing to Report Abuse
Mandatory reporters who fail to report suspected abuse may face legal consequences, including fines or criminal charges. Additionally, professionals such as healthcare workers could face disciplinary action from their licensing boards. Failure to report can allow abuse to continue, leading to serious harm or even wrongful death.
Seeking Legal Help for Vulnerable Adult Abuse and Neglect
If you suspect that a loved one has been abused or neglected in a nursing home, assisted living facility, or by a caregiver, Ron Meyers and Associates can help. Our firm is committed to protecting the rights of vulnerable adults in Washington and holding caregivers accountable. We fight to secure justice and compensation for victims of elder abuse, neglect, and financial exploitation.
Contact us today for a confidential consultation to discuss your concerns and legal options.
